North Slavic Names

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See also Czech Names.

Sources:

• Academy of St. Gabriel - http://s-gabriel.org/names/slavic.shtml
• Academy of St. Gabriel "working" bibliography - http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-documents/biblio.html

• Laurel Name Articles - http://heraldry.sca.org/names.html

Polish:

Taszycki, Witold (ed.), _S{l/}ownik Staropolskich Nazw Osobowych_ (Dictionary of Old Polish Personal Names), vols. I-VII (Wroc{l/}aw: Zak{l/}ad Narodowy Imienia Ossoli{n'}skich, Polska Akademia Nauk, 1965-1987).

• Online "Słownik staropolskich nazw osobowych" - To access each of the volumes, you need to click on the right-hand side where it says "Multi-part publication. Show structure!"
• [1] (Actually, there's two formats - you can view it online if your computer has Java installed, but for downloading and viewing offline you need djvu -http://rcin.org.pl/publication/39927 .)
• Academy of St. Gabriel "working" bibliolography for Polish Names: http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-documents/biblio.html#Polish

SENA Appendix A: Patterns That Do Not Need Further Documentation...

http://heraldry.sca.org/sena.html#AppendixA (as of 12 October 2013)

North Slavic

	Double Given Names	Locative	Patronymic	Other relationship	Descriptive/Occupational	Dictus	Double Bynames	Order
Polish		Phrase, adjectival (see notes)	Marked, Unmarked (see notes)	Brother, wife, widow	Rare		Yes; patronymic + locative (N B-ó z X).	given+byname given+pat+locative
Czech

Notes:

Polish: In Polish, i/y/j switches are common, and the use of accents is inconsistent. Names will be registered with or without accents as long as they are consistent.

In Polish, bynames based on relationships can be marked with Latinized particles or with their Polish vernacular equivalents, such as B syn 'B's son', B brat 'B's brother', B .ona 'B's wife', and B wdowa 'B's widow'. Alternately, the relationship could be indicated by a suffix added to their relative's name, such as Bwic(z)/Bwicc ('son of B') or Byk/Bik ('little B', forming a diminutive). Women's bynames use feminine forms. Most frequently, patronyms are changed by adding the diminutive suffix -ina/-yna, or by adding-ó/ (married name) or -ó (maiden name), making BinaorBó. What look like double given names may well be unmarked patronymic bynames.

Locative bynames in Polish-language documents normally take the preposition z/ze 'from/of', followed by the place name in the genitive case. Alternately, an adjectival form can be created by adding -ski for men or -ska for women to the location's name in its grammatically required form.

Czech: All patterns in Czech must be documented. Academy of Saint Gabriel report 3244 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/3244.txt) gives some leads for documenting Czech forms.

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SENA Appendix C: Regional Naming Groups and Their Mixes

http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/sena.html#AppendixC

Regional Groups:	By Time Period:	Languages Included In This Group:	Can Be Combined With Groups:
North Slavic	550-1100	Polish, Czech, Slovak, etc.	Baltic German Hungarian/Romanian Russian/East Slavic
	1100-1600	Polish, Czech, Slovak, etc.	Baltic German Hungarian/Romanian Russian/East Slavic

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Precedents:

Precedents of the SCA College of Arms - [2]
Morsulus Heralds Website - [3] (to search the LoARs and Precedents)

Use the above links to be sure any precedents listed below haven't been superseded by newer precedents.

Collected Name Precedents: Polish - http://heraldry.sca.org/precedents/CompiledNamePrecedents/Polish.html

Collected Name Precedents: Slovakian - http://heraldry.sca.org/precedents/CompiledNamePrecedents/Slovakian.html

September 2013 CL - From Pelican: Some Name Resources (An Ongoing Series)

In recent months, we have discussed Eastern European naming practices. This month, I am discussing Polish names. Polish is most closely related to Czech and Slovak; we label those three and related languages the North Slavic regional naming group in Appendix C of SENA.

Poland has a complicated history, and has over time included many areas that are not part of modern Poland. From the 14th century until well after 1600, Poland was part of a union with Lithuania (see the Cover Letter from July 2013 for more information about Lithuania). But the area in which Polish was dominant historically is mostly covered by modern Poland.

The simplest and most typical structure for a Polish name is to a given name followed by a relationship byname formed from a relative's given name, usually the father's name. For women, it could also be constructed from a husband's name. Luckily, our most readily available sources are all lists of given names, making it relatively simple to construct a full name.

First, we have "Polish Given Names in Nazwiska Polak{o'}w" by Walraven van Nijmegen and Arval Benicoeur (http:www.s-gabriel.org/names/walraven/polish/). This article provides an undated list of given names "reverse engineered" from relationship bynames. For dated lists of given names, we have "Polish Feminine Given Names, 1600-1650" by Aryanhwy merch Catmael (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/polish/polishfem.html), and Lillia de Vaux, "A Preliminary Survey of Names from the Historical Dictionary of Personal Names in Bia{l/}ystok" from the 2011 KWHSS Proceedings (http:st-walburga.aspiringluddite.com/docs/Bialystok.pdf). The latter includes male and female given names mostly dating from c1450 to 1650, and discusses basic construction of relationship bynames.

Patronyms can be marked or--for men only--unmarked. Marking in Polish is accomplished in several ways. For men, the suffix -wic(z)/-wicc can be added to the father's given name (e.g., Andrzeiewicz), or syn "son" can be added before the father's full name (Jeromin syn Wojciecha Klepacskiego). In addition, a diminutive suffix, -ik/-yk can be added to the father's given name (Krystoncyk "Little Krystyn"). Women in period always bear feminized bynames formed by adding a suffix to their father or husband's given name or surname. Married women generally use the suffix -owa or -ina/-yna (Jakubowa and Czayczyna), and unmarried women -owna or -anka (Falkowna and Kisczanka). Which suffix is used depends on the relationship and the ending of the name being modified. Widows are often identified with wdowa before the patronymic byname. Unfortunately in many cases, the woman's own given name is not known, as only the feminized bynames are recorded. Such a name would not be registerable in the SCA, as our standards require a given name.

Locative surnames are either formed by using a genitive (possessive) form of the place name with the preposition z, or by using an adjectival form (ending in -ski for men or -ska for women). Descriptive, toponymic, and occupational bynames are also attested, and can be feminized just as the other types of bynames. In addition, Latinized given names and locative bynames, and particles like filius are appropriate for our period, even when combined with Polish surnames. Name patterns include double given names (for men), and double and triple bynames. However, it is not always clear if the second given name is a true given name or an unmarked patronym. Women with multiple bynames generally bear their maiden name and married name, with or without a locative.

• http://heraldry.sca.org/loar/2013/09/13-09cl.html

Apr 2010 - feminizing masculine names

[#53] Seraphinowa Maslowska. Submitted as Seraphina Maslowska, insufficient evidence was found to support Seraphina as a Polish feminine given name in period. While Seraphin was documented as a masculine given name in Polish, a pattern of creating feminine names by adding an -a to the end of a masculine name was not documented for this language...

Eastern Crown found examples of Polish feminine names that were formed by using an -owa ending with a masculine name in Zofia Abramowicz, Lila Citko, and Leonarda Dacewicz, //S{l/}ownik Historycznych Nazw Osobowych Bia{l/}ostocczyzny (XV-XVII w.)//, vol. 2. These examples include: Pawe{l/}owa 1551 and Pawllowa 1571 (from the masculine Pawe{l/}); Piotrowa, 1551, 1571, 1640-1 (from the masculine Piotr); Piechowa, 1551 (from the masculine Piech); Pie{c'}kowa, 1571 (from the masculine Pie{c'}ko); and Szymonowa, 1558 (from the masculine Szymon). Based on these examples, and the documented use of Seraphin// as a masculine given name in Polish, Seraphinowa is a reasonable Polish feminine given name in late period. We have changed the name to this form in order to register this name.

• http://heraldry.sca.org/loar/2010/04/10-04lar.html

WARNING: Do not cite this page as a reference. This page is on this wiki only to make the content "searchable" and easier to find. If you find the information you seek here, go to the original sources (generally linked) to verify the information and use them for your documentation.