Biblical and Saints Names

WARNING: Do not cite this page as a reference. This page is on this wikispace only to make the content "searchable" and easier to find. If you find the information you seek here, go to the original sources as linked below to verify the information and use them for your documentation. Revised {$revisiondate}.

---

Period Forms:

Website with searchable period English translations of the Bible - [[1]]

---

Sources:

Academy of St. Gabriel "Medieval Names Archive" - [[2]] Database of medieval names (from the Medieval Names Archive) - http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/database/ Archive of St. Gabriel reports - [[3]]

Laurel Name Articles - http:heraldry.sca.org/laurel/

IGI Searches, batches beginning with C, J, K, M (except M17 and M18), or P are acceptable - [[4]]

---

SENA PN. Personal Name Registration

http:heraldry.sca.org/sena.html#PN 'PN.1 B. '2. Sources of Name Phrases: ... d. Borrowed Names: Name phrases may be borrowed from secular literature, from the Bible or other religious literature, or from the names of saints, either as whole name phrases or as name elements to construct a name phrase. In either case, the name phrase must be demonstrated to meet the following requirements. >> 1. Linguistically Appropriate Form: The name phrase must be shown to be a form by which the character or person was known in that time and place. Generally this means finding it in the literature of that time (such as a Renaissance Italian Bible, or an English publication of an Arthurian romance). In the case of a saint, evidence for that saint's veneration through the naming of churches is generally allowed. Only the form of the name used in that culture is allowed under this allowance. >> For example, the Arthurian character Lancelot// is found in Italian as //Lancilotto//. Therefore, //Lancilotto//, not//Lancelot//, is the form allowed in Italian context. Similarly, the saint known in her lifetime as //Æthelthryth// was venerated by late period English people as //Audrey//. So //Audrey is the form allowed in late period English context. > 2. Pattern of Borrowing Names: The culture must be shown to have a pattern of using name phrases from that type of source. Demonstrating such a pattern requires at least two independent examples of normal people using such name phrases in the target time and place. > The type of name phrase must match. Evidence of given names from a literary source does not demonstrate the use of bynames from that source. The demonstrated pattern must also address the type of character. The use of the given names of major characters does not demonstrate the use of the given names of minor characters. So, the pattern of using the given names of major Arthurian characters in medieval England would justify the name Bedivere// even if it were not attested. It would not justify a name from the Bible or the name of a minor Arthurian character like //Gwinas, who is only mentioned once. As there is no similar pattern of borrowing in Gaelic, the Gaelic forms of Arthurian characters cannot be registered under this allowance. > Certain kinds of borrowed names were rarely used. These will only be allowed if a pattern explicitly includes the use of name phrases of that type. These include: allegorical names (like Everyman) the names of characters mentioned only briefly in stories names from stories that take place in legendary time the names of superhuman characters (including gods and monsters, but also characters that interact with gods or engage in superhuman acts of prowess) the names of characters from the life stories of saints (like the parents and siblings of saints) the names of literary places

---

SENA NPN.1. Non-Personal Names Content

http:heraldry.sca.org/sena.html#NPN1

C. '2. 'd. Borrowed Names: Name phrases may be borrowed from secular literature, from the Bible or other religious literature, or from the names of saints. Name phrases may also be constructed from name elements borrowed from those types of source. To borrow a name phrase or element, the following conditions must be met: >> 1. Linguistically Appropriate Form: The name phrase must be shown to be a form by which the entity was known in that time and place. Generally this means finding it in the literature of that time (so a Renaissance Italian Bible, or an English publication of an Arthurian romance). In the case of a saint's name, evidence for their veneration through the naming of churches is generally sufficient. Only the form of the name used in that culture is permitted under this allowance. >> For example, the Greek mythological object known in English as the Golden Fleece// was known to the medieval French as the //Toison d'Or//. It is //Toison d'Or// that was borrowed for the name of the period Burgundian order. Similarly, the saint known in her lifetime as //Æthelthryth// was venerated by late period English people as//Audrey//. //Audrey// is the form allowed in late period English context to create a name like the //College of Saint Audrey. >> 2. Pattern of Borrowing Names: The culture must be shown to have a pattern of using name phrases from that type of source. Demonstrating such a pattern requires at least three independent examples of normal entities using such name phrases in the target time and place. >> The demonstrated pattern must address the type of name phrase. Evidence of the use of the given names of saints does not demonstrate the use of the bynames of saints. The demonstrated pattern must also address the type of character or entity. The use of a non-personal name derived from the given name of a major character in a source does not demonstrate the use of a non-personal name derived from the given name of a minor character. >> For example, there is a pattern of using the given names of major Arthurian characters in medieval England. This would justify a non-personal name derived from the name Bedivere// even if it were not attested. However, it would not justify a non-personal name derived from the name of a minor Arthurian character like //Gwinas, who is only mentioned once. It would also not justify a non-personal name derived from a Biblical name. As there is no similar pattern of borrowing in Gaelic, a non-personal name derived from the Gaelic form of an Arthurian character cannot be registered under this allowance.

---

SENA NPN.3. Non-Personal Names Conflict

http:heraldry.sca.org/sena.html#NPN3 D. Standards for Affiliation Conflict: Non-personal names may not unmistakably imply ownership by or affiliation with any name we protect. An unmistakable implication generally requires the use of multiple elements/phrases from a protected name... There are period examples of using personal names in a way that does not make such a claim. For example, saint's names were used to create the names of places, orders, colleges, and religious confraternities. While they were dedicated to these saints, they did not make a confusing claim of the sort prohibited here. Thus, such names are registerable. Other names that use the name of a protected individual or entity can be registered only if they can be shown to follow a period pattern of naming that does not make a claim to be owned by a protected person or claim a confusing relationship with a protected person. For example, Ordre de Monsieur Saint Michel Archange//, is an order name which makes reference to Saint Michel but does not make a confusing claim. Similarly, both //Saint Marie Magdalene College//, and the //Cofradia de San Juan Bautista// are dedicated to these saints, but cannot be mistaken to be owned by them. The //Order of Saint William the Cooper// is registerable, even though this is a constructed saint's name, as long as there is no registered //William the Cooper.

---

Precedents:

Precedents of the SCA College of Arms - [[5]] Morsulus Heralds Website - [[6]] (to search the LoARs and Precedents) Restatement Wiki - [[7]] (restatements of Precedents) Use the above links to be sure any precedents listed below haven't been superseded by newer precedents.

Collected Precedents on Biblical Names: [[8]]

Collected Precedents on Saints Names: [[9]]

Registerability:

July 2016 CL - Saint's Names (Constructed or Otherwise) in Non-Personal Names

Recently, we've had a number of order name submissions where the substantive element has consisted of a saint's full name, often using the English surname as given name precedent. Saint's names and devotional names in period are modified in various ways, but these modifiers and bynames are generally locative or descriptive. Such "full" saint's names tend to appear in the names of churches and religious institutions, or other place names.

Examples include the church Seint Marie at Hille and the festival of Seint Peter called th'Advincle (referring to S. Petrus ad vincula, "Saint Peter in chains"), both found in the Middle English Dictionary. The church Sainte Pancrace in the ffelde is found in a 1495 will ['Appendices', in Survey of London: Volume 17, the Parish of St Pancras Part 1: the Village of Highgate, http:www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol17/pt1/pp138-148]. The sign name a lymage Sainct Jehan l'evangeliste ("at the image [of] Saint John the Evangelist") is part of the publishing location for Raoul Le Fèvre's Les proesses et vaillances du preux Hercule from 1500 (http:gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86001264/f215.image). Additional examples found by Siren include Ordre Monsieur Saint Michel Archange ("Order of my lord Saint Michael archangel") and nostra Religione di Santo Stefano Papa ("our religious-order of Saint Stephen, pope").

In July 2006 we ruled: > Several commenters noted that the College cannot canonize new saints. However, we feel that registering a name that uses the descriptive Saint does not do this, but rather follows a well documented medieval tradition of local shrines and saints who may or may not be recognized by the hierarchy in Rome. In addition, this would not be the first such registration; the College of St. Bunstable, a group name formed from a fictional saint's name, was registered in August 1981, and in August 1990, the College of Saint Joan was registered although Joan of Arc was not canonized until 1920. While philosophically, it is certainly better recreation to use a real-life saint's name when using this model to create an order name, there is no reason why these sorts of construction should not be allowed the same latitude allowed by our rules for other constructed names. The name William the Cooper is a well-formed English name whose elements can all be documented to period, therefore Saint William the Cooper is an expected construction. [Caer Galen, Barony of. Order name Order of Saint William the Cooper, July 2006, A-Outlands] Further, NPN3D of SENA states, "The Order of Saint William the Cooper is registerable, even though this is a constructed saint's name, as long as there is no registered William the Cooper."

In December 2015, we ruled the following: > Submitted as Order of the Noble Touch, the Letter of Intent documented this order name using the pattern of naming an order after a founder or saint, and documented Noble Touch as a late period English name. However, no evidence was presented to show that orders were named after the full names of such individuals, rather than just a given name (or Saint [given name]), or that such an order would include a definite article before the name. Without such documentation, this name cannot be registered as an order name. [Wintermist, Barony of, Company of Noble Touch, December 2015, A-Caid] A submission this month, Order of Blood of the Wood, follows the pattern of [constructed saint's name] of [place name]. Examples of this pattern are found in Juliana de Luna's article "Medieval Secular Order Names" (http://heraldry.sca.org/names/order/new/). Examples include Les Chevaliers de Nostre Dame de la Noble Maison ("the knights of Our Lady of the Noble House"), Saint George of Rougemont, and Our Lady of Gelders. Therefore, the pattern of using a saint from a specific place is registerable in order names, although we note that this pattern is not common compared to just using the saint's given name.

Although we have examples of saints who bore inherited surnames, particularly in the 16th and 17th centuries, we do not have evidence that such surnames and full names were used in order names. We will continue to register orders named after saints with literal locative or descriptive bynames, as these patterns are attested or can be derived from other types of non-personal names found in period. Therefore, patterns such as Order of [given name] of [place name] and Order of [given name] the [descriptive term] are registerable. We will not register orders named after the full names of saints when the surnames are inherited forms, unless documentation is found to show that this pattern follows period practice, but we will allow this pattern in other types of non-personal names as appropriate (e.g., household names). http://heraldry.sca.org/loar/2016/07/16-07cl.html

---